Ifilimu yePolyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo ngenxa yayoUkonakala kwezinto eziphilayo, ukunyibilika kwamanzi, kunye neempawu ezibalaseleyo zokwenza ifilim. Nangona kunjalo, ukufumana umgangatho ophezuluUkufakwa kwefilimu yePVAifuna ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwemathiriyeli ekrwada. Ukuqonda ezi zithako zibalulekileyo kubalulekile ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwefilimu, ukuqina, kunye nokusebenza.
1. I-Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) - I-Core Component
Kwintliziyo ye-PVA yokugquma ifilimu kubuxokipolyvinyl utywala, i-polymer eyenziweyo ebonelela ngokugqwesa ukunamathela, ukuguquguquka, kunye neempawu zokuthintela. Ubunzima bemolekyuli kunye neqondo le-hydrolysis ye-PVA impembelelo ngqo kwiamandla efilim, ukunyibilika, kunye nokuxhathisa imichiza. Ukukhetha ibakala elililo lePVA liqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kwizicelo ezifana nokupakishwa, ezolimo, kunye namayeza.
2. IiPlastiki - Ukuphucula ukuguquguquka kunye namandla
Iiplastiki zongezwa kuyoukuphucula ukuguquguquka kunye neempawu zomatshiniiifilimu zePVA. Ngaphandle kweeplasticizers, ifilimu ingaba yi-brittle kwaye ithande ukuqhekeka. Iiplastiki eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa kwiUkufakwa kwefilimu yePVAziquka:
•IGlycerol-I-plasticizer esetyenziswa ngokubanzi eyongeza ukuguquguquka kunye nokugcinwa komswakama.
•Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-Ukuphucula ukuqina kwefilimu kwaye kuthintele ukushwabana.
•ISorbitol-Ukwandisa ukuqina ngelixa ugcina inqanaba eliphezulu lokungafihli.
Ukukhetha i-plasticizer efanelekileyo inceda ukulinganiselaamandla, ukungafihli, kunye nokuguquguqukakwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo zamashishini.
3. Ii-Crosslinking Agents-Ukuphucula ukuZinzisa kunye nokuNqanda ukuManzi
Iifilimu ze-PVA zihlala zifuna ii-agent ezidibanisayoukwandisa ukumelana neekhemikhali, ukuzinza kokufuma, kunye namandla oomatshini. Ezi arhente zisebenza ngokwenza iibhondi zeekhemikhali phakathi kwamakhonkco e-polymer, okwenza ifilimu ibe ngakumbiyomelela kwaye yomelele. Iiarhente eziqhelekileyo ezidibanisayo ziquka:
•IBorates (Borax)-Ukuphucula ukuqina kwefilimu kunye neempawu zokubambelela.
•IGlutaraldehyde-Ukwandisa ukuxhathisa kwamanzi ngelixa ugcina ukuguquguquka.
•IiDicarboxylic Acids-Ukomeleza ukwakheka kwefilimu ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni ukonakala kwezinto eziphilayo.
Ukudibanisa okufanelekileyo kwee-agent ezinqamlezayo kuqinisekisa aifilimu ye-PVA ehlala ixesha elide kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu.
4. IiFillers - Ukuphucula iMechanical and Optical Properties
Ukuguqula ukuthungwa, ukubonakala, kunye nokusebenza kweengubo zefilimu ye-PVA,fillerszidla ngokudityaniswa. Ezi zixhobo zinokuphuculaifilim opacity, amandla, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Ezinye iifayili ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka:
•I-Titanium Dioxide (TiO₂)-Ibonelela ngobumhlophe kunye nokumelana ne-UV.
•I-Silica (SiO₂)-Ukwandisa amandla efilimu kunye nokunciphisa ukukhuhlana komhlaba.
•Icalcium Carbonate (CaCO₃)- Ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso ngelixa ugcina ingqibelelo yefilimu.
Ukusebenzisa izihluzi ezifanelekileyo kunceda ukulungelelanisa iifilimu zePVAizicelo ezithile, njengokupakishwa kwe-biodegradable, iifilimu zezolimo, okanye iingxowa ezinyibilikayo emanzini.
5. Ii-surfactants - Ukuphucula ukufana kweCoating
Kuba ukulingana kunyeifilimu ye-PVA egudileyo, ii-surfactants zibalulekile. Ezi khompawundiukunciphisa uxinzelelo olungaphezulu, ukuvumela ukuba i-coating isasazeke ngokulinganayo kwimigangatho. Izinto eziphambili ezisetyenziswa kwimveliso yefilimu yePVA ziquka:
•I-non-ionic surfactants-Phucula ukumanzisa kwefilimu kunye nokusasazwa.
•Anionic surfactants– Ukuphucula uzinzo kunye neempawu zokubambelela.
•I-silicone-based surfactants- Ukunciphisa iziphene zomhlaba kunye nokuphucula ukufana kwefilimu.
Ukukhetha okufanelekileyo kwe-surfactant kuqinisekisaUbunzima befilimu obuhambelanayo kunye nokuguda, ebaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo ezifuna iimpawu ezichanekileyo zomqobo.
6. Izongezo - Ukuphucula iNtsebenzo kunye nokuSebenza
Ezongezelelweyoizongezo zokuphucula ukusebenzainokudityaniswa kwiIingubo zefilimu zePVAukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zemizi-mveliso. Ezinye izongezo eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
•Izizinzi zeUV– Khusela ukonakaliswa kukugqatswa lilanga.
•Anti-blocking Agents- Thintela iileya zefilimu ekubambeni kunye ngexesha lokugcinwa.
•Ii-Antimicrobial Agents-Yandisa ubomi beshelufu yemveliso ngokuthintela ukukhula kwebhaktiriya.
Ngokukhetha ngokucokisekileyo izongezo ezifanelekileyo, abavelisi banakoyenza ngokwezifiso iifilimu zePVAukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwazo kumashishini ahlukeneyo.
Ukuqukumbela
Umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kweUkufakwa kwefilimu yePVAzixhomekeke kuukwenziwa okuchanekileyo kwemathiriyeli ekrwada. Ngokukhetha indibaniselwano elungileyo yeI-PVA, iiplastiki, ii-agent ezinqamlezayo, izihluzi, ii-surfactants, kunye nezongezo, abavelisi banokuvelisa iifilimu ngeukuqina okuphezulu, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokusebenza.
Ngaba ujonge izisombululo zefilimu zePVA ezikumgangatho ophezulu?QhagamshelanaJWELLnamhlanjeukuphonononga izixhobo eziphucukileyo kunye nezisombululo zokugquma ezilungele iimfuno zakho!
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-02-2025